|
NOTABLE COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES Rank/131 （特徴的な長所＝順位／１３１カ国中） |
NOTABLE COMPETITIVE DISADVANTAGES Rank/131 （特徴的な短所＝順位／１３１カ国中） |
|
2nd pillar: Infrastructure 02.03 Quality of railroad infrastructure 2 02.06 Available seat kilometers (hard data) 4 02.07 Quality of electricity supply 4 3rd pillar: Macroeconomic stability 03.03 Inflation (hard data) 1 03.04 Interest rate spread (hard data) 2 4th pillar: Health and primary education 04.10 Primary enrollment (hard data) 1 04.08 Life expectancy (hard data) 1 04.06 HIV prevalence (hard data) 1 04.02 Malaria incidence (hard data) 1 04.07 Infant mortality (hard data) 3 5th pillar: Higher education and training 05.08 Extent of staff training 4 05.07 Local availability of specialized research and training services 6 6th pillar: Goods market efficiency 06.14 Degree of customer orientation 2 06.02 Extent of market dominance 2 06.01 Intensity of local competition 3 06.15 Buyer sophistication 3 7th pillar: Labor market efficiency 07.01 Cooperation in labor-employer relations 6 07.09 Brain drain 9 8th pillar: Financial market sophistication 08.02 Financing through local equity market 8 9th pillar: Technological readiness 09.02 Firm-level technology absorption 3 09.01 Availability of latest technologies 10 10th pillar: Market size 10.01 Domestic market size index (hard data) 4 10.02 Foreign market size index (hard data) 5 11th pillar: Business sophistication 11.01 Local supplier quantity 2 11.07 Production process sophistication 2 11.05 Value chain breadth 3 11.02 Local supplier quality 4 11.04 Nature of competitive advantage 4 11.06 Control of international distribution 9 12th pillar: Innovation 12.06 Availability of scientists and engineers 2 12.07 Utility patents (hard data) 2 12.03 Company spending on R&D 3 12.01 Capacity for innovation 3 |
1st pillar: Institutions 01.11 Business costs of terrorism 104 01.07 Wastefulness of government spending 94 01.13 Organized crime 65 01.16 Strength of auditing and reporting standards 42 01.18 Protection of minority shareholders’ interests 38 01.04 Public trust of politicians 33 01.12 Business costs of crime and violence 32 01.03 Diversion of public funds 31 01.17 Efficacy of corporate boards 31 01.05 Judicial independence 21 01.15 Ethical behavior of firms 20 01.14 Reliability of police services 19 01.06 Favoritism in decisions of government officials 18 01.02 Intellectual property protection 17 01.08 Burden of government regulation 16 01.09 Efficiency of legal framework 15 01.01 Property rights 14 01.10 Transparency of government policymaking 14 2nd pillar: Infrastructure 02.05 Quality of air transport infrastructure 32 02.08 Telephone lines (hard data) 24 02.04 Quality of port infrastructure 17 02.01 Quality of overall infrastructure 15 02.02 Quality of roads 13 3rd pillar: Macroeconomic stability 03.05 Government debt (hard data) 120 03.01 Government surplus/deficit (hard data) 111 03.02 National savings rate (hard data) 35 4th pillar: Health and primary education 04.11 Education expenditure (hard data) 86 04.01 Business impact of malaria 58 04.03 Business impact of tuberculosis 50 04.05 Business impact of HIV/AIDS 50 04.04 Tuberculosis incidence (hard data) 46 04.09 Quality of primary education 24 5th pillar: Higher education and training 05.05 Quality of management schools 68 05.02 Tertiary enrollment (hard data) 32 05.04 Quality of math and science education 29 05.03 Quality of the educational system 28 05.06 Internet access in schools 26 05.01 Secondary enrollment (hard data) 22 6th pillar: Goods market efficiency 06.08 Agricultural policy costs 122 06.11 Prevalence of foreign ownership 90 06.05 Total tax rate (hard data) 87 06.12 Business impact of rules on FDI 80 06.04 Extent and effect of taxation 66 06.09 Prevalence of trade barriers 59 06.10 Trade-weighted tariff rate (hard data) 46 06.13 Burden of customs procedures 40 06.07 Time required to start a business (hard data) 38 06.06 Number of procedures required to start a business (hard data) 37 06.03 Effectiveness of anti-monopoly policy 17 7th pillar: Labor market efficiency 07.05 Hiring and firing practices 85 07.10 Female participation in labor force (hard data) 75 07.03 Non-wage labor costs (hard data) 48 07.04 Rigidity of employment (hard data) 38 07.08 Reliance on professional management 16 07.02 Flexibility of wage determination 14 07.07 Pay and productivity 13 07.06 Firing costs (hard data) 11 8th pillar: Financial market sophistication 08.07 Soundness of banks 84 08.05 Restriction on capital flows 58 08.03 Ease of access to loans 53 08.08 Regulation of securities exchanges 38 08.04 Venture capital availability 37 08.01 Financial market sophistication 34 08.09 Legal rights index (hard data) 27 08.06 Strength of investor protection (hard data) 12 9th pillar: Technological readiness 09.04 FDI and technology transfer 58 09.05 Mobile telephone subscribers (hard data) 45 09.03 Laws relating to ICT 29 09.07 Personal computers (hard data) 18 09.06 Internet users (hard data) 17 09.08 Broadband Internet subscribers (hard data) 15 11th pillar: Business sophistication 11.08 Extent of marketing 15 11.09 Willingness to delegate authority 15 11.03 State of cluster development 12 12th pillar: Innovation 12.05 Government procurement of advanced technology products 16 12.04 University-industry research collaboration 14 12.02 Quality of scientific research institutions 12 |